Health
Education
Women
Infrastructure
Climate Change
Conflict
Sanitation
Children
News
Notice (8): Undefined offset: 1 [APP/views/infobanks/view.ctp, line 36] Code | Context $___viewFn = "/var/www/vhosts/beta.globalpovertyproject.com/httpdocs/app/views/infobanks/view.ctp" $___dataForView = array( "country_flag" => "<img title='You are in United States' src='./images_2/flags/us.png' />", "country_id" => "166", "country_name" => "United States", "language_id" => "7", "language_name" => "US | English", "forced_country" => false, "user_count" => 23322, "article" => array( "Infobank" => array(), "InfobankCategory" => array(), "InfobankFeature" => array() ), "main_categories" => array( array(), array(), array(), array(), array(), array(), array(), array() ), "view" => "article" ) $loadHelpers = true $cached = false $loadedHelpers = array( "Form" => FormHelper FormHelper::$helpers = array FormHelper::$fieldset = array FormHelper::$__options = array FormHelper::$fields = array FormHelper::$requestType = NULL FormHelper::$base = "" FormHelper::$webroot = "/" FormHelper::$themeWeb = NULL FormHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" FormHelper::$params = array FormHelper::$action = "view" FormHelper::$plugin = NULL FormHelper::$data = NULL FormHelper::$namedArgs = NULL FormHelper::$argSeparator = NULL FormHelper::$validationErrors = NULL FormHelper::$tags = array FormHelper::$__tainted = NULL FormHelper::$__cleaned = NULL FormHelper::$_log = NULL FormHelper::$Html = HtmlHelper object, "Html" => HtmlHelper HtmlHelper::$tags = array HtmlHelper::$base = "" HtmlHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" HtmlHelper::$params = array HtmlHelper::$action = "view" HtmlHelper::$data = NULL HtmlHelper::$_crumbs = array HtmlHelper::$__docTypes = array HtmlHelper::$helpers = NULL HtmlHelper::$webroot = "/" HtmlHelper::$themeWeb = NULL HtmlHelper::$plugin = NULL HtmlHelper::$namedArgs = NULL HtmlHelper::$argSeparator = NULL HtmlHelper::$validationErrors = NULL HtmlHelper::$__tainted = NULL HtmlHelper::$__cleaned = NULL HtmlHelper::$_log = NULL, "Javascript" => JavascriptHelper JavascriptHelper::$useNative = true JavascriptHelper::$enabled = true JavascriptHelper::$safe = false JavascriptHelper::$tags = array JavascriptHelper::$_blockOptions = array JavascriptHelper::$_cachedEvents = array JavascriptHelper::$_cacheEvents = false JavascriptHelper::$_cacheToFile = false JavascriptHelper::$_cacheAll = false JavascriptHelper::$_rules = array JavascriptHelper::$__scriptBuffer = NULL JavascriptHelper::$helpers = NULL JavascriptHelper::$base = "" JavascriptHelper::$webroot = "/" JavascriptHelper::$themeWeb = NULL JavascriptHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" JavascriptHelper::$params = array JavascriptHelper::$action = "view" JavascriptHelper::$plugin = NULL JavascriptHelper::$data = NULL JavascriptHelper::$namedArgs = NULL JavascriptHelper::$argSeparator = NULL JavascriptHelper::$validationErrors = NULL JavascriptHelper::$__tainted = NULL JavascriptHelper::$__cleaned = NULL JavascriptHelper::$_log = NULL, "Time" => TimeHelper TimeHelper::$helpers = NULL TimeHelper::$base = "" TimeHelper::$webroot = "/" TimeHelper::$themeWeb = NULL TimeHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" TimeHelper::$params = array TimeHelper::$action = "view" TimeHelper::$plugin = NULL TimeHelper::$data = NULL TimeHelper::$namedArgs = NULL TimeHelper::$argSeparator = NULL TimeHelper::$validationErrors = NULL TimeHelper::$tags = array TimeHelper::$__tainted = NULL TimeHelper::$__cleaned = NULL TimeHelper::$_log = NULL, "Text" => TextHelper TextHelper::$helpers = NULL TextHelper::$base = "" TextHelper::$webroot = "/" TextHelper::$themeWeb = NULL TextHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" TextHelper::$params = array TextHelper::$action = "view" TextHelper::$plugin = NULL TextHelper::$data = NULL TextHelper::$namedArgs = NULL TextHelper::$argSeparator = NULL TextHelper::$validationErrors = NULL TextHelper::$tags = array TextHelper::$__tainted = NULL TextHelper::$__cleaned = NULL TextHelper::$_log = NULL, "Youtube" => YoutubeHelper YoutubeHelper::$helpers = NULL YoutubeHelper::$base = "" YoutubeHelper::$webroot = "/" YoutubeHelper::$themeWeb = NULL YoutubeHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" YoutubeHelper::$params = array YoutubeHelper::$action = "view" YoutubeHelper::$plugin = NULL YoutubeHelper::$data = NULL YoutubeHelper::$namedArgs = NULL YoutubeHelper::$argSeparator = NULL YoutubeHelper::$validationErrors = NULL YoutubeHelper::$tags = array YoutubeHelper::$__tainted = NULL YoutubeHelper::$__cleaned = NULL YoutubeHelper::$_log = NULL, "Country" => CountryHelper CountryHelper::$helpers = NULL CountryHelper::$base = "" CountryHelper::$webroot = "/" CountryHelper::$themeWeb = NULL CountryHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" CountryHelper::$params = array CountryHelper::$action = "view" CountryHelper::$plugin = NULL CountryHelper::$data = NULL CountryHelper::$namedArgs = NULL CountryHelper::$argSeparator = NULL CountryHelper::$validationErrors = NULL CountryHelper::$tags = array CountryHelper::$__tainted = NULL CountryHelper::$__cleaned = NULL CountryHelper::$_log = NULL, "Altrows" => AltrowsHelper AltrowsHelper::$i = 0 AltrowsHelper::$helpers = NULL AltrowsHelper::$base = "" AltrowsHelper::$webroot = "/" AltrowsHelper::$themeWeb = NULL AltrowsHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" AltrowsHelper::$params = array AltrowsHelper::$action = "view" AltrowsHelper::$plugin = NULL AltrowsHelper::$data = NULL AltrowsHelper::$namedArgs = NULL AltrowsHelper::$argSeparator = NULL AltrowsHelper::$validationErrors = NULL AltrowsHelper::$tags = array AltrowsHelper::$__tainted = NULL AltrowsHelper::$__cleaned = NULL AltrowsHelper::$_log = NULL, "Session" => SessionHelper SessionHelper::$helpers = NULL SessionHelper::$__active = true SessionHelper::$valid = false SessionHelper::$error = false SessionHelper::$_userAgent = "" SessionHelper::$path = "/" SessionHelper::$lastError = NULL SessionHelper::$security = "low" SessionHelper::$time = 1524226911 SessionHelper::$sessionTime = 1524526911 SessionHelper::$watchKeys = array SessionHelper::$id = NULL SessionHelper::$_started = true SessionHelper::$host = NULL SessionHelper::$_log = NULL SessionHelper::$cookieLifeTime = 788940000 SessionHelper::$base = "" SessionHelper::$webroot = "/" SessionHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" SessionHelper::$params = array SessionHelper::$action = "view" SessionHelper::$data = NULL SessionHelper::$themeWeb = NULL SessionHelper::$plugin = NULL ) $helper = "Session" $camelBackedHelper = "session" $form = FormHelper FormHelper::$helpers = array FormHelper::$fieldset = array FormHelper::$__options = array FormHelper::$fields = array FormHelper::$requestType = NULL FormHelper::$base = "" FormHelper::$webroot = "/" FormHelper::$themeWeb = NULL FormHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" FormHelper::$params = array FormHelper::$action = "view" FormHelper::$plugin = NULL FormHelper::$data = NULL FormHelper::$namedArgs = NULL FormHelper::$argSeparator = NULL FormHelper::$validationErrors = NULL FormHelper::$tags = array FormHelper::$__tainted = NULL FormHelper::$__cleaned = NULL FormHelper::$_log = NULL FormHelper::$Html = HtmlHelper object $html = HtmlHelper HtmlHelper::$tags = array HtmlHelper::$base = "" HtmlHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" HtmlHelper::$params = array HtmlHelper::$action = "view" HtmlHelper::$data = NULL HtmlHelper::$_crumbs = array HtmlHelper::$__docTypes = array HtmlHelper::$helpers = NULL HtmlHelper::$webroot = "/" HtmlHelper::$themeWeb = NULL HtmlHelper::$plugin = NULL HtmlHelper::$namedArgs = NULL HtmlHelper::$argSeparator = NULL HtmlHelper::$validationErrors = NULL HtmlHelper::$__tainted = NULL HtmlHelper::$__cleaned = NULL HtmlHelper::$_log = NULL $javascript = JavascriptHelper JavascriptHelper::$useNative = true JavascriptHelper::$enabled = true JavascriptHelper::$safe = false JavascriptHelper::$tags = array JavascriptHelper::$_blockOptions = array JavascriptHelper::$_cachedEvents = array JavascriptHelper::$_cacheEvents = false JavascriptHelper::$_cacheToFile = false JavascriptHelper::$_cacheAll = false JavascriptHelper::$_rules = array JavascriptHelper::$__scriptBuffer = NULL JavascriptHelper::$helpers = NULL JavascriptHelper::$base = "" JavascriptHelper::$webroot = "/" JavascriptHelper::$themeWeb = NULL JavascriptHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" JavascriptHelper::$params = array JavascriptHelper::$action = "view" JavascriptHelper::$plugin = NULL JavascriptHelper::$data = NULL JavascriptHelper::$namedArgs = NULL JavascriptHelper::$argSeparator = NULL JavascriptHelper::$validationErrors = NULL JavascriptHelper::$__tainted = NULL JavascriptHelper::$__cleaned = NULL JavascriptHelper::$_log = NULL $time = TimeHelper TimeHelper::$helpers = NULL TimeHelper::$base = "" TimeHelper::$webroot = "/" TimeHelper::$themeWeb = NULL TimeHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" TimeHelper::$params = array TimeHelper::$action = "view" TimeHelper::$plugin = NULL TimeHelper::$data = NULL TimeHelper::$namedArgs = NULL TimeHelper::$argSeparator = NULL TimeHelper::$validationErrors = NULL TimeHelper::$tags = array TimeHelper::$__tainted = NULL TimeHelper::$__cleaned = NULL TimeHelper::$_log = NULL $text = TextHelper TextHelper::$helpers = NULL TextHelper::$base = "" TextHelper::$webroot = "/" TextHelper::$themeWeb = NULL TextHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" TextHelper::$params = array TextHelper::$action = "view" TextHelper::$plugin = NULL TextHelper::$data = NULL TextHelper::$namedArgs = NULL TextHelper::$argSeparator = NULL TextHelper::$validationErrors = NULL TextHelper::$tags = array TextHelper::$__tainted = NULL TextHelper::$__cleaned = NULL TextHelper::$_log = NULL $youtube = YoutubeHelper YoutubeHelper::$helpers = NULL YoutubeHelper::$base = "" YoutubeHelper::$webroot = "/" YoutubeHelper::$themeWeb = NULL YoutubeHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" YoutubeHelper::$params = array YoutubeHelper::$action = "view" YoutubeHelper::$plugin = NULL YoutubeHelper::$data = NULL YoutubeHelper::$namedArgs = NULL YoutubeHelper::$argSeparator = NULL YoutubeHelper::$validationErrors = NULL YoutubeHelper::$tags = array YoutubeHelper::$__tainted = NULL YoutubeHelper::$__cleaned = NULL YoutubeHelper::$_log = NULL $country = CountryHelper CountryHelper::$helpers = NULL CountryHelper::$base = "" CountryHelper::$webroot = "/" CountryHelper::$themeWeb = NULL CountryHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" CountryHelper::$params = array CountryHelper::$action = "view" CountryHelper::$plugin = NULL CountryHelper::$data = NULL CountryHelper::$namedArgs = NULL CountryHelper::$argSeparator = NULL CountryHelper::$validationErrors = NULL CountryHelper::$tags = array CountryHelper::$__tainted = NULL CountryHelper::$__cleaned = NULL CountryHelper::$_log = NULL $altrows = AltrowsHelper AltrowsHelper::$i = 0 AltrowsHelper::$helpers = NULL AltrowsHelper::$base = "" AltrowsHelper::$webroot = "/" AltrowsHelper::$themeWeb = NULL AltrowsHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" AltrowsHelper::$params = array AltrowsHelper::$action = "view" AltrowsHelper::$plugin = NULL AltrowsHelper::$data = NULL AltrowsHelper::$namedArgs = NULL AltrowsHelper::$argSeparator = NULL AltrowsHelper::$validationErrors = NULL AltrowsHelper::$tags = array AltrowsHelper::$__tainted = NULL AltrowsHelper::$__cleaned = NULL AltrowsHelper::$_log = NULL $session = SessionHelper SessionHelper::$helpers = NULL SessionHelper::$__active = true SessionHelper::$valid = false SessionHelper::$error = false SessionHelper::$_userAgent = "" SessionHelper::$path = "/" SessionHelper::$lastError = NULL SessionHelper::$security = "low" SessionHelper::$time = 1524226911 SessionHelper::$sessionTime = 1524526911 SessionHelper::$watchKeys = array SessionHelper::$id = NULL SessionHelper::$_started = true SessionHelper::$host = NULL SessionHelper::$_log = NULL SessionHelper::$cookieLifeTime = 788940000 SessionHelper::$base = "" SessionHelper::$webroot = "/" SessionHelper::$here = "/infobank/children/child" SessionHelper::$params = array SessionHelper::$action = "view" SessionHelper::$data = NULL SessionHelper::$themeWeb = NULL SessionHelper::$plugin = NULL $country_flag = "<img title='You are in United States' src='./images_2/flags/us.png' />" $country_id = "166" $country_name = "United States" $language_id = "7" $language_name = "US | English" $forced_country = false $user_count = 23322 $article = array( "Infobank" => array( "id" => "23", "name" => "Child Mortality", "extract" => "The world is home to 2.2 billion children. Children in developing countries face often deadly complications in their early years as a result of poor healthcare. Child Mortality is the number of children who die by the age of five out of every thousand live births. Malnutrition, malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia are some of the major causes of death and everyday struggles children face in the developing world. The UN stated in 2007 that children in developing countries are thirteen times more likely to die in the first five years of life than those in developed countries. About 25,000 young children die every day, mainly from preventable causes.", "image" => "IMG_10150.jpg", "body" => "<p> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"> <meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"> <meta content="Microsoft Word 12" name="Generator"> <meta content="Microsoft Word 12" name="Originator"> <link href="file:///C:\Users\Darrell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List" /> <link href="file:///C:\Users\Darrell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_editdata.mso" rel="Edit-Time-Data" /><span style="font-family: Arial;"><!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> </span> <link href="file:///C:\Users\Darrell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_themedata.thmx" rel="themeData" /> <link href="file:///C:\Users\Darrell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_colorschememapping.xml" rel="colorSchemeMapping" /><span style="font-family: Arial;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-AU</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <w:DoNotOptimizeForBrowser /> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--" /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading" /> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--></span><style type="text/css"></style><span style="font-family: Arial;"><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} </style> <![endif]--> </span> </meta> </meta> </meta> </meta> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Child mortality is closely linked to poverty. Advances in infant and child survival have come more slowly in poor countries and also to the poorest people in wealthier countries. Improvements in public health services are essential, including safe water and better sanitation. Education, especially for girls and mothers, will also save children's lives. Improvements in income help, but little will be achieved unless a greater effort is made to ensure that services to improve child health reach those who need them most. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><img height="400" width="600" src="/app/webroot/images/P103056s5.JPG" alt="" /></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">In 2007, 9.2 million children born alive across the world died before their fifth birthday, a total of 1 in 6<sup>1</sup>. Most of these children lived in developing countries and died from a disease or a combination of diseases that could easily have been prevented or treated; for example, pneumonia can be treated with antibiotics and diarrhoea can be treated with a simple mix of water, salt and sugar. Malnutrition contributes to over a third of these deaths.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <blockquote><span style="font-family: Arial;"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128);"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: large;">“<span style="font-size: x-large;"><i style="">One in six</i></span><i style=""> children in Sub-Saharan Africa dies before their fifth birthday”</i></span></span></span></p> </span> </blockquote> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><i style=""><o:p></o:p></i></span><b style=""><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></i></b><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">2 million children under five die of diarrhoea each year and one child dies every 5 seconds as a result of hunger, contributing to over 60% of all child deaths<sup>2</sup>. In today’s world with such extremes of wealth, one wonders why we are faced with such horrific figures. Although much is being done to combat these gross numbers, a greater effort is required to eradicate these problems. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><br /> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 6pt;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Despite a 21% decrease overall in the developing world between 1990 and 2006, malnutrition affects 26% of children under five (and as much as 46% in Southern Asia). The cause of a third of under-five deaths, malnutrition makes it very difficult for a child to fend off disease.</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Millennium Development Goal 4: Reduce CHILD MORTALITY</span></b></span><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></b><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></b></p> <table cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" style="width: 445px; height: 71px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td><span style="font-family: Arial;"><img height="113" width="111" src="/app/webroot/images/mdg4_xl(1).gif" alt="" /></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> <i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">‘Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate.’</span></i></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">The global rate to be reached by 2015 is 31 per 1,000 live births. Close to 60 per cent of countries have already reduced child mortality to this level. Most countries (130) are on track to achieve MDG 4, but we are still faced by many challenges.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Existing low-cost, low technology and high impact interventions such as vaccines, antibiotics, micronutrient supplementation, insecticide-treated bednets, improved breastfeeding practices and adoption of safe hygiene practices can prevent unnecessary maternal and child deaths and reduce under nutrition.</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">By packaging services and implementing at scale, high impact and evidence-based maternal, newborn and child survival interventions, we can save millions of lives. By ensuring that all children have access to basic education and by focusing on children marginalized by poverty, HIV/AIDS, conflict and discrimination, we can break the cycle of poverty that keeps children on the brink of survival</span></span>.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">What are we doing?</span></b></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="quotemark"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">T</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">hrough community outreach, supervision, training, and data collection and monitoring, massive immunisation campaigns have reached vast numbers of children. Immunisation is critically important to the developing world as preventable diseases have an enormous impact on many communities. UNICEF has helped Afghanistan, India, Nepal and Pakistan train female volunteers to administer polio vaccines and promote immunisation against maternal and child tetanus.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Many countries and organisations have been putting forward funds through aid in many areas they believe need the most help. Recently Japan has donated $3.7 million to help eradicate polio in Egypt and the European Commission donated 10 million pounds to the UN for the relief of Zimbabwean children.</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> <img width="600" src="/app/webroot/images/cooop.JPG" alt="" /></span></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Case Study: Malawi </span></b></span><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">A Global Poverty Project volunteer recently arrived back from a six month stay in Africa. This following story is from Malawi in eastern Africa.</span></p> <blockquote> <p style="" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Taking some time out, I headed to the local orphanage with two other people I was travelling with and some local men from the community. Walking down the street, I soon had two little hands on each of mine. Introducing myself and saying “G’day,” I found out these guys were some of the orphans we were about to visit. Playing the usual guessing game, I said to them both, “Now how old are you? Four? Five?” Usually I was right and would tell them how old and big they were. One boy said “Four,” and the other ... “Ten.” He was tiny. Shocked at his size, I bit my tongue and thought of how I could turn his answer into something funny. I was soon shocked again. He wouldn’t and couldn’t smile. Making it to the orphanage we had a look around, and soon I was back out with the children, playing catch and teaching the Hokey Pokey. I was soon again drawn to the little boy I had met on the road. Standing aside and not wanting to join in, I asked the teacher what was wrong with him? The teacher said, “This boy is just disappointed and ashamed in himself.” </span></em></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p style="" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">“Why?” I asked. </span></em></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> <blockquote> <p style="line-height: 150%;" class="MsoNormal"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;" arial="" sans-serif="">“Because of whom he is, and he has HIV.”</span></em></p> </blockquote></span> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <p style="line-height: 150%;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> </span><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <blockquote> <p style="" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">I was speechless. Trying again, with desperate measures I put my sunglasses on his small head and also tried passing the ball to him. But it would just hit his stomach and fall. He wasn’t even a challenge like many other Africans, who ended up coming round. He was sadly impossible and out of this world. He was robbed of his childhood; he had no childhood. No home. No family and no friends. All had been lost years before and he was the last face left in his entire family. </span></em></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></blockquote> <p> </p> <p style="margin: 0.1pt 0cm;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Malawi's Ambassador to the United States Talks About Health Care Improvements in Malawi </span></b></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <p style="margin: 0.1pt 0cm;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0.1pt 0cm;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">Hawa Ndilowe, Malawi's ambassador to the United States explains the efforts that the country has undertaken to decrease child mortality rates. Ambassador Ndilowe remains hopeful that Malawi will get a handle on child mortality by having a National Health plan and a clear direction and knowing what is required. Ndilowe says,<b style=""> </b>“What is important is to know the problem and address it.”</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p> <p style="margin: 0.1pt 0cm;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <blockquote> <p style="margin-top: 6pt;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128);">“Children and women can be our <span style="font-size: large;">Trojan Horse</span> for attacking the citadel of poverty” </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128);"><span arial="" sans-serif="">James P. Grant, former Executive Director, UNICEF</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> </blockquote> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">INTERESTING LINKS:</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><a href="http://www.wfp.org/hunger/millennium-development-goals"><span style="font-family: Arial;">http://www.wfp.org/hunger/millennium-development-goals</span></a></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><a href="http://www.unicef.org/childsurvival/index.html"><span style="font-family: Arial;">http://www.unicef.org/childsurvival/index.html</span></a></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><a href="http://www.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/en/">http://www.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/en/</a></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><a href="http://www.unicef.org/factoftheweek/index_48701.html">http://www.unicef.org/factoftheweek/index_48701.html</a></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><a href="http://www.thelancet.com/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial;">The Lancet.com</span></a></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""> </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-top: 6pt;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><a href="http://www.who.int/en/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial;">The World Health Organisation </span></a></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://blogs.odi.org.uk/blogs/main/archive/2009/03/20/7763.aspx" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif="">The Overseas Development Institute – ‘Children in times of economic crisis: lessons from the past and policies for the future’. </span></span></a></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://www.compassion.com.au/can/five_million_more.php">Compassion Australia Child Mortality Campaign</a> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>References</strong><br /> </span></o:p></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 40px;" class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span arial="" sans-serif="">1.<span times="" new="" roman=""> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span arial="" sans-serif="">UNICEF. (2007[a]). <i style="">The State of the World’s Children 2008</i>. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund. </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 40px;" class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span arial="" sans-serif="">2.<span times="" new="" roman=""> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span arial="" sans-serif="">ibid</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" arial="" sans-serif=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>", "alias" => "child", "infobank_category_id" => "19", "created" => "2009-09-10 04:32:01" ), "InfobankCategory" => array( "id" => "19", "name" => "Children", "alias" => "children", "language_id" => "1" ), "InfobankFeature" => array( "id" => "73", "infobank_id" => "23", "rank" => "4" ) ) $main_categories = array( array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ), array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ), array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ), array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ), array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ), array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ), array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ), array( "InfobankCategory" => array(), "Infobank" => array() ) ) $view = "article" $category = array( "InfobankCategory" => array( "id" => "19", "name" => "Children", "alias" => "children", "language_id" => "1" ), "Infobank" => array( array() ) ) $url = "http://www.irinnews.org/irin.xml" $http_response_header = array( "HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently", "Date: Fri, 20 Apr 2018 12:21:52 GMT", "Content-Type: text/html", "Connection: close", "Set-Cookie: __cfduid=d708a973edc30239a492577f87ccc19b41524226911; expires=Sat, 20-Apr-19 12:21:51 GMT; path=/; domain=.irinnews.org; HttpOnly", "X-Drupal-Cache: MISS", "Vary: Cookie", "Expires: Sun, 19 Nov 1978 05:00:00 GMT", "Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0", "Location: http://www.irinnews.org/rss/all.xml", "X-Redirect-ID: 140564", "X-Micro-Cache: MISS", "X-Content-Options: nosniff", "CF-Cache-Status: MISS", "Server: cloudflare", "CF-RAY: 40e792b6f0b853c0-LAX", "HTTP/1.1 200 OK", "Date: Fri, 20 Apr 2018 12:21:52 GMT", "Content-Type: application/rss+xml; charset=utf-8", "Connection: close", "Set-Cookie: __cfduid=dd18e46df7415d13b432d1a1cf021d97f1524226912; expires=Sat, 20-Apr-19 12:21:52 GMT; path=/; domain=.irinnews.org; HttpOnly", "X-Drupal-Cache: MISS", "Vary: Cookie", "Expires: Sun, 19 Nov 1978 05:00:00 GMT", "Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0", "Content-Language: en", "X-Micro-Cache: MISS", "X-Content-Options: nosniff", "Server: cloudflare", "CF-RAY: 40e792b8739722b8-LAX" ) $xml = SimpleXMLElement SimpleXMLElement::$@attributes = array SimpleXMLElement::$channel = SimpleXMLElement object $result = array( "title" => array( SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement ), "link" => array( SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement ), "content" => array( SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement ) ) $attribute = array( SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement , SimpleXMLElement ) $key = "content" $i = 3 $element = SimpleXMLElement $ret = array( array( "title" => "Negotiations with jihadists? A radical idea gains currency in Mali", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/analysis/2018/04/19/negotiations-jihadists-radical-idea-gains-currency-mali", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/s3fs-public/styles/responsive_medium/public/30874614543_9340fa1d2b_k_crop.jpg?5m5bwXQfS_P_1l16WXDZDPZyyaEtS6g9&itok=HVkLUiMw" /> Bringing violent Islamist groups to the negotiating table isnât on the Malian governmentâs agenda, but analysts say it might be soon " ), array( "title" => "Rohingya camps run out of time as Bangladesh storm season arrives", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/news/2018/04/18/rohingya-camps-run-out-time-bangladesh-storm-season-arrives", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/s3fs-public/styles/responsive_medium/public/un0157346.jpg?ISemDFEczaEqRoFDVhYEaggo5rM8PrrS&itok=QJBzteTZ" /> Despite weeks of preparations, officials and residents are bracing for the likelihood that winds and rain will cut off aid access and destroy shelters " ), array( "title" => "Mosul: Overcoming the trauma of IS rule, one haircut at a time", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/feature/2018/04/17/mosul-overcoming-trauma-rule-one-haircut-time", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/s3fs-public/styles/responsive_medium/public/180128_184127.jpg?oPK2topG1CkbwAUGw2eOoyPKGiw21DHZ&itok=MCU_431m" /> In post-conflict Iraq, mental healthcare is scarce. So women turn to their hairdressers " ), array( "title" => "Opinion | Give peace a real chance in Yemen", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/opinion/2018/04/16/opinion-give-peace-real-chance-yemen", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/styles/responsive_medium/s3/v-p-ye-e-01803.jpg?O2kBDVla04F0VNZQY6bUmsMXYXNECvlW&itok=atx1t7bL" /> A new special envoy to Yemen brings a new chance for negotiating peace. The Security Council can help by offering a realistic path forward. " ), array( "title" => "Nine months on, a race against time to find pregnant Rohingya rape survivors ", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/feature/2018/04/16/nine-months-race-against-time-find-pregnant-rohingya-rape-survivors", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/styles/responsive_medium/s3/un0120421.jpg?FHmAH1V.D6EryGNnkVf14gw1iDpHHcIe&itok=-f9YT6DB" /> Workers in Bangladeshâs refugee camps are looking for women and girls who are expecting. But many are ashamed, and donât want to be found " ), array( "title" => "Syria strike, Congo no-show, and North Korea funding in freefall: The Cheat Sheet", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/news/2018/04/13/syria-strike-congo-no-show-and-north-korea-funding-freefall-cheat-sheet", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/styles/responsive_medium/s3/756984.jpg?1jw8yNDuElNKVNGpjQKjILO7CEyPDVu.&itok=VI9Et0-_" /> A weekly read to keep you in the loop on humanitarian issues " ), array( "title" => "Congo: A decades-long cycle of war ", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/in-depth/congo-decades-long-cycle-war", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/s3fs-public/styles/responsive_medium/public/car_fabrice.jpg?s5LIGKVQ7.BZu8NjkSVREr8Nsp8cMvTf&itok=TDt19N6k" /> A curation of in-depth reports from the Democratic Republic of Congo, where the gulf between aid funding and humanitarian needs is growing fast " ), array( "title" => "A whoâs who in South Sudanâs splintering civil war", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/analysis/2018/04/12/who-s-who-south-sudan-s-splintering-civil-war", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/s3fs-public/styles/responsive_medium/public/e21b1050-2.jpg?dlQ8UI75pttpUY2xOS_SwLAaELjgC_pF&itok=usHLlWe2" /> As the conflict in South Sudan fractures, who are the main protagonists heading into crucial talks in Addis Ababa? " ), array( "title" => "Six months after US sanctions lifted, promised aid access in Sudan remains limited", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/analysis/2018/04/11/six-months-after-us-sanctions-lifted-promised-aid-access-sudan-remains-limited", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/styles/responsive_medium/s3/sudanaccessheader_178792.jpg?wX6lOhX_Q7DekU_ZZgynuORh6FXBRpeg&itok=emDhzLFP" /> Is President Omar al-Bashir only paying lip service to reforms so Sudan is removed from Washingtonâs state sponsors of terrorism list? " ), array( "title" => "Opinion | Letâs end this competition of misery", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/opinion/2018/04/10/opinion-let-s-end-competition-misery", "content" => " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/styles/responsive_medium/s3/bill_koplitz.jpg?ivWiEPYb4eXugT7ZctNvEAGkp.1yfKrP&itok=gzx1EJ_T" /> Itâs time to stop comparing human suffering, a reductive shorthand that boils down to: who is most deserving of rich peopleâs attention? " ) ) $item = array( "title" => "Opinion | Give peace a real chance in Yemen", "link" => "http://www.irinnews.org/opinion/2018/04/16/opinion-give-peace-real-chance-yemen", "content" => array( " <img width="400" src="http://assets.irinnews.org/styles/responsive_medium/s3/v-p-ye-e-01803.jpg?O2kBDVla04F0VNZQY6bUmsMXYXNECvlW&itok=atx1t7bL" /> A new special envoy to Yemen brings a new chance for negotiating peace. The Security Council can help by offering a realistic path forward. " ) ) $date = " mental healthcare is scarce. So women turn to their hairdressers "
include - APP/views/infobanks/view.ctp, line 36 View::_render() - CORE/cake/libs/view/view.php, line 665 View::render() - CORE/cake/libs/view/view.php, line 375 Controller::render() - CORE/cake/libs/controller/controller.php, line 808 Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/cake/dispatcher.php, line 229 Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/cake/dispatcher.php, line 193 [main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 88 |
![]() Child MortalityThe world is home to 2.2 billion children. Children in developing countries face often deadly complications in their early years as a result of poor healthcare. Child Mortality is the number of children who die by the age of five out of every thousand live births. Malnutrition, malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia are some of the major causes of death and everyday struggles children face in the developing world. The UN stated in 2007 that children in developing countries are thirteen times more likely to die in the first five years of life than those in developed countries. About 25,000 young children die every day, mainly from preventable causes.
Child mortality is closely linked to poverty. Advances in infant and child survival have come more slowly in poor countries and also to the poorest people in wealthier countries. Improvements in public health services are essential, including safe water and better sanitation. Education, especially for girls and mothers, will also save children's lives. Improvements in income help, but little will be achieved unless a greater effort is made to ensure that services to improve child health reach those who need them most.
In 2007, 9.2 million children born alive across the world died before their fifth birthday, a total of 1 in 61. Most of these children lived in developing countries and died from a disease or a combination of diseases that could easily have been prevented or treated; for example, pneumonia can be treated with antibiotics and diarrhoea can be treated with a simple mix of water, salt and sugar. Malnutrition contributes to over a third of these deaths.
Despite a 21% decrease overall in the developing world between 1990 and 2006, malnutrition affects 26% of children under five (and as much as 46% in Southern Asia). The cause of a third of under-five deaths, malnutrition makes it very difficult for a child to fend off disease. Millennium Development Goal 4: Reduce CHILD MORTALITY
The global rate to be reached by 2015 is 31 per 1,000 live births. Close to 60 per cent of countries have already reduced child mortality to this level. Most countries (130) are on track to achieve MDG 4, but we are still faced by many challenges.
What are we doing?
Through community outreach, supervision, training, and data collection and monitoring, massive immunisation campaigns have reached vast numbers of children. Immunisation is critically important to the developing world as preventable diseases have an enormous impact on many communities. UNICEF has helped Afghanistan, India, Nepal and Pakistan train female volunteers to administer polio vaccines and promote immunisation against maternal and child tetanus.
Case Study: Malawi
A Global Poverty Project volunteer recently arrived back from a six month stay in Africa. This following story is from Malawi in eastern Africa.
“Because of whom he is, and he has HIV.”
Malawi's Ambassador to the United States Talks About Health Care Improvements in Malawi
Hawa Ndilowe, Malawi's ambassador to the United States explains the efforts that the country has undertaken to decrease child mortality rates. Ambassador Ndilowe remains hopeful that Malawi will get a handle on child mortality by having a National Health plan and a clear direction and knowing what is required. Ndilowe says, “What is important is to know the problem and address it.”
INTERESTING LINKS: http://www.wfp.org/hunger/millennium-development-goals http://www.unicef.org/childsurvival/index.html
1. UNICEF. (2007[a]). The State of the World’s Children 2008. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund. 2. ibid
|